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October 1, 2015
USDA METSS Project
Contents
Macroeconomic Effects on Poverty Rate: A Case Study of Northern Ghana ............................................... 1
Income, Expenditure Shares, Food Choices and Food Security in Northern Ghana ................................... 16
Do Adult Equivalence Scales Matter in Poverty Estimates? A Case Study from Ghana ............................. 23
A Cautionary Note on Comparing Poverty Prevalence Rates ..................................................................... 43
Securing Africa’s Middle Class: The Case of Northern Ghana .................................................................... 53
The Effect of Transaction Costs on Grain and Oilseed Farmers’ Market Participation in Sub‐Saharan
Africa: Recent Evidence from Northern Ghana ......................................................................................... 64
Reducing Gender Differences in Agricultural Performance in Northern Ghana ........................................ 82
Production Efficiency of Smallholder Farms in Northern Ghana ................................................................ 99
Does Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Matter in Children’s Health Status? Insights from Northern
Ghana ........................................................................................................................................................ 115
Recent Evidence of Health Effects of Women Empowerment: A Case Study of Northern Ghana ........... 130
1
Macroeconomic Effects on Poverty Rate: A Case Study of Northern
Ghana
Yacob Zereyesus and Vincent Amanor‐Boadu
Department of Agricultural Economics
Kansas State University
March 2015
Introduction
The prevalence of extreme poverty is externally determined by the established poverty line. In recent
years, it has been based on a daily per capita expenditure of $1.25, measured in 2005 Purchasing Power
Parity (PPP). Using PPP aims to eliminate the effect of exchange rates.
PPP is based on the Law of One Price – in the absence of transaction costs and trade barriers, identical
traded goods will have the same price in all markets when the prices are denominated in the same
currency. This implies that in the presence of transaction costs and trade barriers, identical traded
goods do not have the same price in all markets.
PPP is calculated in three stages:
…