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June 21, 2018
Animal Health
… K‐State Department Of Agricultural Economics
… 1
Value of Arrival Metaphylaxis in the U.S. Fed Cattle Industry
Elliott J. Dennis (grapple5@ksu.edu), Ted C. Schroeder (tcs@ksu.edu), Dustin L. Pendell (dpendell@ksu.edu)
Kansas State University Department of Agricultural Economics
David G. Renter (drenter@vet.ksu.edu) ‐ Kansas State University Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology
June 2018
Introduction:
Use of antimicrobials1 in livestock production is facing intense public scrutiny. Major restaurants, food service
companies, food processors, and supermarkets have pledged to reduce the use of antimicrobials in meat
production (Pew Trust, 2016). Federal and international organizations have expressed growing concerns that use
of shared‐class2 antimicrobials in livestock production may be linked to increased health risks and antimicrobial
resistance in humans (Center of Disease Control, 2013; World Health Organization, 2012). These concerns, in
part, have prompted state and federal legislators to increase regulation and veterinary oversight of shared‐class
antimicrobials in animal production (American Veterinary Medical Association, 2009; Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) (FDA 2012, 2013).
Metaphylaxis3 is an animal health management practice in which FDA approved antimicrobials are administered
to a group of high health‐risk animals, generally via injection, to eliminate or minimize incidence of an acute
onset of a disease outbreak. While all antimicrobials are regulated by the FDA in the U.S., current policy debates
include whether to further regulate antimicrobials used for metaphylaxis. Livestock producers are concerned
that restricting or removing such a widely used production technology would be detrimental to animal health
and result in substantial animal deaths, reduced animal welfare, increased production risk, and reduced
profitability.
1 “Antimicrobial drugs include all drugs that work against a variety of microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and
parasites. An antibiotic drug is effective against bacteria. All antibiotics are antimicrobials, but not all antimicrobials are
antibiotics.” (FDA 2018).
2 Shared‐class antimicrobials are used to treat disease in both human and animals.
3 Metaphylaxis is used in cattle to reduce the risk or impacts of an outbreak of bovine respiratory disease (BRD), the most
common cause of morbidity and mortality in beef cattle production affecting 97% of feedlots, 16% of cattle, and costing the
beef industry an estimated $6 billion annually (Griffin, 1997; U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2013). Metaphylaxis is used by
59% of U.S. feedlots selectively on 20.5% of cattle placed on feed across all cattle placement weights (U.S. Department of
Agriculture, 2013). …
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